Keyboard perforator and counter



Dec. 10, 1935. H L, KRU ET AL 2,024,006

KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Filed March 25, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. 1

INVENTORS HOW/4P0 L. [EU/V7 ALBZET h. Elf/BEE Jvfi ATTORNEY Dec. 10, 1935. KRUM 5 AL KEYBOARD 'PERFO'RATOR AND COUNTER Filed March 25, 1932 7 sheet -s t 2 5 um MP? mm wm J.

ATTORN EY Dec. 10, 1935. H. L. KRUM ET AL. 2,024,006

K EYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Filed March 25, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 III INVENTORS HOWARD L KEUM BY AZBfiET Ii PEKBEB ATTORNEY Dec. 10, 1935. H. L. KRUM ET AL KEYBOARD PERFORATOR'AND COUNTER Filed March 25', 1932 Sheets-Sheet 4 "II/III FIG.

Haw/ 223 2 me M BY ALBERT b? 25%52 ATTORNEY D00, 00, 1935. H. L. KRUM ET AL KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed March 25, 1932 INVENTQRS M8527 hf 55/552 ATTORNEY ET 1L KEYBOARD PBRFORATOR AND COUNTER M u R K L H Filed March 25, 1932 7 Sheetsfiheet '7 INVENTORS BY mag/Q7 H E f/55,8

Patented Dec. 10, 1935 raaroas'roa m com s; Howard-L. Krum, Ke'nllworth, and mm a.

Reiber, Chicago,

assignors to Teletype Corporation, Chicago, ill, a corporation of D l w e Application March 25,1932, sci-i=1 No, some, 2s Glalms. (01. ray-11s) This invention relatesto type setting systems and apparatus therefor and more particularly to periorators and counters which may be, utilized for agperiorated tape for the automatic control of composing machines of the llnecasting type. I

Asia commonly known in'the ypo phical art, composing machines of the line casting type are provided with matrices which consist of small edges and which are ofdin'erent thicknesses due to the fact that the characters vary in width. Thus, when these matrices are assembled into a line of predetermined, definite length the num-' l varies with the particular matrices used;' the length of the line, therefore, is'dependent, not

brass units carrying indented characters in their ber ofmatrices necessary tocompletegthe-iine uponthe number of characters inthe line, but

rather upon the thicknesses, of the characters or matrices making up the iine. Consequently, it is necessary during the preparation of a perforated tape representing lines of composed matter to totalize the various thicknesses of matrices corresponding to the code perforations madein the tape, so that the operator will be apprised at all times of the length of line remaining as each key is operated and can thus judge of the Justifl ability of the line. x

Besides the usual character matrices, composing machines .of the particular type to which the present invention relates are also provided with expansible' space bands. or justifying matrices which comprise a portion analogous to and having the contour of a character matrix and which 15 positioned in the line of matrices usually between each series of character matrices comprising a word, and this portion has slidably articulated thereto and depending therefrom a wedge portion. By means of these wedge portions the justifying matrices are adjusted between certain ranges of thickness before the casting operation isperformed. Under these circumstances a counting device to indicate to the operator the totaliaed thickness of matrices in a line durin the process of composition, and the number as well as the minimum, maximum and variable thickness of the justifying matrices in the line is highly desirable.

Heretofore, character widths in type faces in the various fut! of type employed in line casting machines were designed with no attempt at grouping; that is, a letter, as a would not be of the same proportionate thickness in one font of type as in another font, and manifestly, groupeasy in the design ofnew, fonts of either to supersede prior designs or to afford new designs, istoassign eachcharacterto acertaindennite group. For example, it has been found desirable to divide the widest characters into eighteen '(18) units, and to establish eleven definite groupings on the basis of the following unit sizes: 6, 7, 8, 9,10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 18. In this system 18 units are equivalent to the actor em quad size of the font. The lower case "a would, for example be assigned to group 11 regardless of the font or style of type, signifying that -'a lower case a" is eleven units in width; a unit be n not an actual dimension but merely a pro-.- portion of the quad size in of'which itis apart. g

- To accomplish the accm'ate counting or totali'zing of the matrices in'the composed line the apparatus according to the present invention is adapted to count proportions, expressed in go .eighteenths of the set or quad size, and not actual dimensions. mus, the apparatus can be usedforanysizeoitypeprovidedonly thatthe characters in the various fonts have the same unitgrouping, and an interchangeable space gs band segment bechosen to suit the set size of the font of type. 4

A primary object of the present invention is the provision of a keyboard perforator and counter in which the counting operation is perso formed with extreme accuracy, and which is flexible to such a degree that it may be used for any font of type regardless of size, with the characters arrangedin similar unit groups.

Another object of the present invention is the 35 provision of a keyboard perforator and counter which-is simple in construction, reliable and em- .cient in operation 'at'all speeds. particularly at high speeds, and inexpensive to manufacture.

v Primarily, the present invention is a keyboard 40 device intended to be employed-in the preparation of perforated tapes, the perforations in which'represent lines. of composed matter; and also to take account of the number of characters or matrices composed so that in a line of pneso determined length the amount-or length of a line remaining to be filled or completed will always be ascertainable. The device is provided with a keyboard having its keys arranged similar to the familiar typewriter keyboard. Within the base of the device are contained two selector mechanisms, one of which controls a perforatorand ing was not even intended. The present tend-. the characters or matrices making up the line the particular font 1s the movement of a unit wheel. A single operating shaft is provided on which are mounted the unit wheel and other operating parts necessary to control the various functions of the device. Electromagnetically controlled means are provided to release the'various parts for operation and these electromagnetic means are controlled through a common contact operable by each one of the keys.

' An escapement means has also been provided to control the movement of the unit wheel in varying amounts to correspond to the thicknesses of the characters composing the line. The indicating means comprises a sectoral or fan shaped indicator, the indications on which are controlled by the unit wheel as well as by the space key, the cooperative eifect of which indicates to the operator the approach of the end of the line.

A better understanding of the invention may be had from the following description, taken with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. ,l is a perspective view of a keyboard perforator and counter according to. the invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective representation of the key lever and selector mechanism arrangement.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal elevational view of the perforating selector bar unit.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal elevational view of the counter selectorbar unit.

.Fig. 545 a diagrammatic sectional view showing the perforator and the transfer mechanism.

Fig. 6 is-a perspective view of the positive contact control. J

Fig; 7 is a sectional view showing a modified form of stop bar arrangement.

Fig; 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the operating cam shaft.

- Fig. 9 is an elevational view showing the matrix thickness counting mechanism in the normal,

unoperated position.

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view ofv the unit rack stop. 1 Fig. 11 is a cross sectional view taken on-line II-IIofFig. 9. I

Fig. 12 isa sectional view taken on line I2I2 of Fig. 8 illustrating the escapement mechanism adjacent thereto. Fig. 13 is an elevational view of the tape back spacing mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the matrix thickness counting mechanism.

Fig. .15 is an elevational view showing the counting mechanism inone of its operated positions.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the electrical circuits for operating the device of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of the device taken adjacent to the indicating mechamsm.

Fig. 18 is a fragmental rear view of the iridicator dial. V

Fig. 19 is a fragmental front view of the indicating mechanism. V

Fig. .20 is a front elevational view of the indicator dial.

Fig. 21 is a rear perspective view of the indicating mechanism.

Fig. 22 is a front perspective view of the indicating mechanism. I

Fig. 23 is a sectional view taken on line 23-23 of Fig. 19.

The present apparatus. comprises essentially a base I which is provided at its front with a keyboard of the usual form, and which is adapted to house the key levers and the selector mechanisms operated thereby. Mounted on the base portion are the auxiliary devices, viz: the perforator, the counter, and the indicator, which are selectively controlled by the aforesaid selector mechanisms.

The motor for driving all of these auxiliary devices, except the perforator which is electrically operated, is also appropriately mounted on the base in position to effect the rotation of a single operating shaft. All parts are thus suitably supported in such a manner to form a compact selfcontained unit.

Having reference to Fig. l, the base I, as mentioned, is provided at its front with a keyboard comprising key levers 2 operated by keys 3. The key levers 2 extend interiorly of the base I, and 23 as illustrated in Fig. 2, are pivotally carried on a common pivot rod 4 appropriately mounted therein. A shift lever 6 and an unshift lever I are not carried by the common .pivot rod 4, but are independently mounted in the base I on pivots I and 8, respectively. Each of the key levers 2 is provided with a return spring 0 for returning the associated lever to its normal position after it has been operated.

Juxtapositioned to each of the key levers, exl6 cept the function key levers including the shift and unshift key levers, is a code bar I2 slidably supported at its forward end on stud I3 integral with the key lever. The rear end of each code bar I2 is pivotally carried on a common pivot rod I4 mounted in a rocker member II which is carried on a pivot shaft I8 suitably Journaled in the base I. a

To the rear end of key levers i and O are pivotally connected links I! and I8, respectively, 4a which in turn are pivotally connected to brackets I 9 and 2I affixed to the rear and front, respectively, of rocker member II. Thus, member II is rendered rockable towards the front and rear alternatively by tlk levers 5 and 8, respectively. so As member I5 is rocked, all of the code bars I2 are shifted simultaneously, the purpose of which is to constitute a shift mechanism to effect a change in the operation of the counting mechanism to correspond to upper or lower case characters, as will hereinafter appear. The forward portion of the bottom edge of each of the code bars I2 is provided with projections which, as will be see co-act with a series of selector bars arranged underneath the key 00 levers and disposed transversely thereof. These selector bars form a part of selector units 22 and 24. Selector unit 23 comprises a plurality of pairs of permutation bars 25 and 26, the ripper edges of which are provided with notches. Each pair of permutation bars 25 and 26 rests upon a pair of rocker members 21 and 2|, Pig. 3, which are mounted upon common rods 2| and 32, respectively. Each rocking member 21 and 28 has an ear extending forward to support a bar 25 and another ear extending backward to support the companion bar 26. The rocking members 21 and 28 are pivotally conn ed at 33 and 3!, respectively, to a horizon 1 bar .35 which is provided at its left hand end, Fig. 3, with an ear II adapted 18 to engage a notch in an associated lever 31. Permutation bars 25 and 26 are adapted to be guided against lateral movement in suitable slots in end members 38 and 38 (Fig. 2). Levers 31 are pivotally mounted on common pivot 4| (Figs. 2 and 5) carried in the base and are adapted at their upper ends to engage notches in punch interference bars 42.

Selector unit 24 comprises a series of bars 43 each of which is carried by a pairof bell cranks 44 and 45 (Figs. 2 and 4), which are pivotally carried on pivot rods 46 and 41, respectively. Each member 44 and 45 is provided with an car 48 extending backward on which the bars 43 are carried. If desired bell cranks 44 and 45 may be positioned relative to bars 43 similarly to the positionment of members 21 and 28 relative to bars and 26 in Fig. 3. The ends of the depending arms of each bell crank 44 and are pivotally connected to a horizontal bar 48 which extends beyond the left hand connection, and the end of which is provided with an ear 5| adapted to fit into a notch in an associated Y-shaped lever 52, a series of which is mounted on a common pivot shaft 50 supported in the base I. The bars 43 are maintained in spaced relation and are slidably held in guide combs 53 mounted on the base of the selector unit 24 (Fig. 2).

A description of the operation of the key lever and selector -mechanisms will now be given. Upon depression of a key 3 its key lever 2 will be caused to rotate about the pivot shaft 4 against the action of spring 8 and will engage the upper edges of permuted combinations of the permutation bars 25 and 26, which will thereby be depressed. It will be understood that for each key depressed a different combination of permutation bars will be operated. When a'permutation bar 25, for example, is depressed, its lower edge engages with ears 54 of rocker members 21 and 28 causing the latter to rock on their pivots 3| and 32 producing at the same time an upward movement of the other ears of the-rocker members and consequent upper movement of the companion permutation bar 26. This upward movement of the bar 26 is permitted by reason of the fact that the upper edge of the bar 26 is notched at points where the upper edge of bar 25 is not notched and vice versa. The permutation bars are guided to move vertically by the guide members 38 and 38, previously mentioned. v

The permutation bars 25. which have been depressed by the key lever 2 rock their associated rocker members 21 and 28 to swing in turn the associated bar 35 to the right thereby rotating rocks armature '51 clockwise, forcing the interference bars 42 upward against the punches 55 to perforate the tape 6|. Simultaneously with the perforating operation, pawl 58 will move up to engage the next tooth cit ratchet 53. When the magnet is deenergized spring 62 draws the pawl down,,rotating the ratchet 58 and feed roller 63 (both of which are afllxed to the sames'haft 64) one step in a well known manner, thus feeding the tape to position it for the next perforating operation. In this manner the tape is per.-

forated' in accordance with the operation of the key lever 2. The previously depressed bars 25 will be returned to their upward position by the next key operated, provided the corresponding hole is not to be perforated, since the operated key lever 5 will engage the high part or a bar 26. If the corresponding hole is to be perforated the bar 25 will remain in its downward position.

- Simultaneously with the operation of a key lever 2 occurs the rotation of its associated code 10 bar |2 about the pivot rod M which is effected by means of the slot and pin connection I3 between bar l2 and key lever 2, as previously described. This movement of code bar l2 brings one of the projections or teeth 65, which is in 5 register with a corresponding selector bar 43, into contact therewith to cause a selector bar to be depressed, thereby effecting the rotation of bell crank levers 44 and 45 in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 4) to move bar 49 to the right, which 2; movement is imparted to the associated Y-lever 52 to rotate it in a counterclockwise direction against the action of its spring 66.

As indicated in Fig. 5 arms 61 and 68 of each Y-lever 52 are adapted to operatively engage with projections II and I2, respectively, of a transfer lever I3 associated with each Y-lever .52. Each transfer lever I3 is in vertical alignment with the Y-lever 52 below it and is pivotally mounted on a common pivot shaft I4 carried by a transfer 30 bail I5 pivotally mounted on shaft I6. The transfer bail I5 is provided at one end with an upwardly directed arm "'II which cooperates with arm I8 of armature lever I8 which is pivoted at 82 to the transfer magnet frame 83. The move- 35- ment of the armature lever I9 is limited by a pin 84 which operates within a larger hole in the armature lever I9. The transfer ball 15 normally tends to rotate in a clockwise direction by means of a spring 85 attached to one end of the bail I5, 4

the other end of the spring being secured to a rod 86 mounted in the frame 83. This rotation of the transfer bail I5 tends to impart through arm 11 movement in an opposite direction to armature lever I8, thus holding lever I8 against thestop pin 84- Each of the transfer levers I3 is provided with a head 81 projecting into a slot of a stop bar 88 individual thereto, one such stop bar being provided for each of the transfer levers I3. Stop bars 88 have a normal position, as indicated in Fig. 5, and are adapted to be slidably mounted upon rods 86 and 8|. In their operative position the projections II or I2 of the transfer levers .13 are disposed directly above the arms 61 or 68, respectively, of the Y-levers 52. Thus, when the transfer magnet 92 is energized, armature lever 18 is attracted and through arm I8 imparts counterclockwise rotation to the transfer bail I5. The

transfer levers I3 accordingly are brought into engagement with the Y-levers 52. The projections I2 of the transfer levers engage the arms 68 of the Y-levers and cause the transfer levers to rotate about their projections I2 as a fulcrum in a counterclockwise direction. and cause the 5- stop bars 88 to be urged to the left.

Now, when a Y-lever 52 has been selected and caused to rotate in a counterclockwise direction against the action of spring 66, the transfer maget 92 is caused to be energized simultaneous- 7' ly, thus imparting counterclockwise rotation to the transfer bail I5, as previously described.

However, the arm 61 of the selected Y-lever will now engage projection II of its associated transtransfer bail I will cause the transfer lever to rotatein a clockwise direction about its proiection II as a fulcrum, causing itsassociatedstop bar 00 to be moved toward the right so that its right hand end will-be projected into the path of a unit wheel rack 00, (Fig. 9), the effect of which will hereinafter appear. The stop bars are adapted to be maintained in their right or left posi-' tions by means of the pressure exerted upon them by individual detent springs 04 suitably carried on the bar 05 of the frame 00.

The unit rack 90 is slidably mounted ona unit rack slide 90 and adapted to be interlocked in slidablerelation therewith by guide member 01, more clearly indicatedin Fig. 11. Disposed above the unit rack 00, (Fig. 5) is a unit wheel 00 which is rotatably flxed on an operating shaft IOI (Figs. 5 and 8). As-indicated in Fig; 8, the operating shaft IN is suitably journaled-in bearings I02 and I00 carried in brackets I00 and I05 mounted on the base portion I. There is loosely mounted on shaft IOIadjacent to bracket I00 a sleeve member I00. Thus in the present embodiment the bracket I 00 is disposed between the unit wheel 90 and the sleeve member I00. Between the sleeve member I00 and bracket I05 and fixedly mounted on the shaft "II is a flanged sleeve I01.

Sleeve member I00 is provided near its right end (as viewed in Fig. 8) with a flange I00 to' which are secured, by means of screws, a gear I09 and a disc III which are also carried on the sleeve member I00. Member I00 is also arranged with a pair of diametrically disposed keyways extending from itsleft end approximately to the flange I00, which are adapted to receive corre sponding projections in a pair of disc members I I2 and I I0 slidably mounted on said sleeve member, whereby the disc members are rendered rotatable therewith; Amember IIO provided with two integral portions; namely, cam I I0 and stop. disc III, isinterposed between the disc members; III and I I0. The functions of the cam member II 0 and stop disc I I6 will hereinafter appear. B6!- tween member Ill and each of the adjacent disc members II2and. H0 is disposed adisc of friction material I20. That part of the sleeve member I00 adjacent to disc I I2 is threaded toreceive -anutII1 and locknut IIO. adjacentto disc I is a helical spring N0, the compression of. which is adjustable by means of a collar I22 screwed to sleeve I00. With this arrangement it is seen that the member I I0 is adjustably carried and frictionally connected to sleeve I0 The flange of the sleeve I 01 forms a part of a friction clutch composed of a drive disc I20, discs of friction material I20,"and disc I20. Pressure is imparted to this friction clutch by means of a helical spring I20, whichis adjustable by means of a nut I2I carried on the sleeveI0I. A drive connection is provided between the gear I00 and the clutch Just described by means of-the interengagement of the lug I integral with disc I II with a correspondingnotch in the I20- Continuous rotation is imparted to the gear I00 by means of a motor througha'pinion I20,

and similar rotation is thereby imparted to the sleeve member I00 and drive discl20. The member 0, however, is held from rotation by means of an escapement pawl IOI' shown in-Fig. 12. Sleeve member I01 and shaft, IOI which constantly tend to rotate are restrained; therefrom by the. cooperation of-theescapement means which is associated with the unit wheel". When Y the escapement means, which comprises rack 00 and pawl I00 (Fig. 9) is operated, as will presently as will hereinafter appear.

appear, the unit wheel 00 is .to rotate variable amounts depending upon which one of Matrix thickness counting mechanism I As already noted, the matrices utilized in line W casting machines are of different thicknesses since the characters corresponding thereto vary in width therefore, the number of characters which will flt-in any portion of a .line varies with the thicknesses of the individual characters. The devicefor counting or totalizing the thicknesses of the matrices composedin the line will now bedescribed. Byreason of its relation to gear I00, the unit 'wheel 90 constantly-tends to'rotate- However, its rotation is controlled normally by a'pawlmember 'I30-and unit rack 00, one or the other of said members being in engagement with'the unit wheel during the counting operation. t

Briefly, during the counting operation the pawl 2 I00 and rack 00 are operated so as to bringrack 00 into engagement and pawl I00 out of engagement with unit wheel 90 substantlallysimultane ously (a slight'overlap being provided to prevent the escape of the unit wheel), the effect being to permit the unitwheel 00 to carry the unit rack 00 toward the right (as viewed in Fig. .14) until it is-arrested by a selected one of stop bars 00, at which time pawl, I00 is again brought into engagement and rack 00 out of engagement with unit wheel 08 substantially simultaneously, thus preventing further rotation of unit wheel 00 while unit rack 90 returns to its original position. a Having reference to Figs. 9, 14 and 15 it will be noted. that the rotation or escapement of unit wheel 00 is controlled by' the aforementioned unit rack 00 and the pawl member I00. As previously described the unit rack-00 is slidably carried on the unit rack slidefl which is pivotally can-led on bracket I00inte'gral-with the base I. The

unit rack is providedwith a pair of lugs I00 and I00. The right hand lug I30, as viewed in Fig. 14, cooperates with the stop bars 00 while the left hand lug I00 'coacts with a spring actuated return lever I01 plvotally mounted at I00 to a bracket I09. The tension of a spring I02 which actuates the return lever I01 is adjustable by means of a screw I00 mounted in bracket I00. Pawl member I00 is pivotally mounted at I00 on the bracket I04 and tends to rotate in a counterclockwise direction 'due to the action of a spring I 00, one end of which is secured to the upper extremity of the pawl member I00, and the other end being attached to a spring clip I. Pawl member In, which is provided with a toothed portion I 00, thus is held in engagement with the teeth on the unit wheel bymeans of spring I. An adjustable stop I" however is provided whereby the degree of engagement b e-- tween the toothed portion I40 and the unit wheel a maybe controlled; that is, it is desirable to prevent the teeth in the pawl member I00 from hottoming when they engage with the teeth in the j unit wheel 00 to preclude damage thereto from To wedging.

Depending from the pawl member I 00 is a portion I00 whichis provided with a laterally disposed end I50 (Figs. 9 and 15) adapted to cooperate with the extremity of the unit rack slide as. The pawl member In is also arranged with an arm I59 to the outer end of which is pivotaily connected one end of link I52, the other end of which is plvotally connected to the end of lever I53 which in turn is pivoted at I55 to the slide .member 95. The opposite end of lever I53 is pivotally connected to arm I55 of operating lever I55 which is supported pivotally at I51 to the bracket I05. Operating lever I55 is alsoprovided with two arms I55 and I59. At the extremity of arm I53 is carried a follower roller II which 'co-acts with the cam II5. A follower roller I52 is also carried at the extremity of arm I55 of the operating lever I55 and is adapted to cooperate with a pair of cam portions I53 and I55 diametrically opposed to each other and which are secured to the face of the cam II5,

7 Cam II5 is provided with two similar cam surhalf revolution,

' to withdraw the faces since two complete operations are performed during one complete revolution of the .cam; that is, for one complete operation the shaft and cam are permitted to rotate onethus enhancing the speed of operation of the apparatus.

Upon the initiation of the rotation of cam II5 the follower roller I5I is acted upon by the periphery of the cam II5 so as to impart clockwise rotation 'to the operating lever I55. Arm I55 of the operating lever I55 thus is raised and in. so doing lever I53 is caused to rotate about its pivotal connection with link I52 thus elevating the pivot I55 between the lever I53 and the unit rack slide 95. Slide 95 thus is elevated so as to bring the unit rack 93 into engagement with the unit wheel 55. The continued rotation of the operating lever I55 in a clockwise direction causes the lever, I53 to, rotate about its pivot I55,as a

fulcrum inwhich event the link I52 isgiven a downward movement which in turn imparts clockwise rotation to the pawl member I33 about lbe unit wheel, which constantly tends to rotate by virtue of being fixed to shaft IOI,' is thus released for rotation and the unit rack being free to move is carried toward the right until the lug I35 is intercepted by one of the stop bars 55. At this point the cam portion I53 acts upon the follower roller I52 so as to suddenly reverse the direction of rotation of the operating lever I55. .The unit rack slide 95 cannot at this time be lowered because of the engagement of its forward extremity with the lateral portion I50 of the pawl member I33. Therefore, lever I53 is caused to rotate in a counterclockwise direction about the pivot I55 thus causing the link I52 to be elevated which in turn permits pawl member I35 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction, due to the action of its spring I55, into engagement with the unit wheel 95, simultaneously causing the withdrawal of lateral portion I50 from engagement with slide 95.

The continued rotation of the operating lever 'I55 in-a counterclockwise direction now causes the lever I53 to rotate about its pivotal connection to link I5 in a counterclockwise direction t rack 93 from engagement against a selected stop bar 55, a cushioning means tween the end I 5| and the wall of the housing bility of deforming, or even shearing oil, the ends in Fig. wherein it is seen that the stop I55-is provided with a cylindrical stem' portion I51 threaded at its extremity and which is adapted to extend through and beyond a vertical lug I53 of slide 95. Mounted on the stem I51 between the lug I58 and the stop I55 is'a sleeve member I59, and encirclingsaid sleeve member is the helical compression spring I55. Thus it is seen'15 that any pressure exerted against the stop I55 in an axial direction will be resisted by the compression spring I55. The motion of sleeve member I69, and hence stop I55, is adjustably con Y trolled by a nut and locknut mounted on stem portion I51.

A limiting means I" is provided for the unit rack slide 95, whereby the upward movement of the slide is restricted to the extent, of preventing the teeth in the unit rack 93 from bottoming in 25, the teeth of the unit wheel. The utility of the limiting means I51 and III will become apparent when it is understood that the operation of the mechanism is very rapid and the movements of the individual parts are very sudden and eonseg0. quently there is a possibility that theteeth in the unit rack and pawl member might wedge into the'teeth in the unit wheel, the smallness or'iin'eness of the teeth in these various members being necessary due to the precision required in the counting operation. Furthermore,'the stop 'I'II by its limiting action on unit rack slide 95 plays an important part in the operation of the unit rack 93 by eliminating the friction of the unit rack 93 on the slide 95 which would otherwise be present if rack 93 were permitted to be pressed into engagement with unit wheel 98, and which would render the mechanism either sluggish or even inoperable if the pressure were too great. 7

Likewise, due to the rapid movement of the rack 93 and the sharp impact of its lug I35 is provided which is housed in the member III. The primary function of this cushioning means is to prevent the rebound of the rack 93 when it strikes against the stop members 03, the shock being absorbed by a helical compression spring 200 carried on a plunger I50, having an enlarged end I anda threaded end carrying a. nut and locknut, the spring 200 being compressed be- 55,

HI, and the movement of the plunger "I! being constrained by the nut thereon. The stop-bar support. I5I is guided by screws I50 engaging slotted holes therein and is thus adapted tococo operate with the cushioning means. The use of the cushioning means also precludes the possiof the stop bars 55. I

Escapement mechanism I I To enhance the speed of operation of the apparatus herein described an escapement mechanism has been provided whereby the amount of rotation of the operating cam I I5 to effect a com- 7o, plete operation is limited to or one-half revolutlon; thus, as previously alluded to, the cam II5 is provided with twosimilar cam surfaces. p The rotation of the shaft IOI is controlledby the electromagnetically operated escapement (a means shown in Figs. 1 and 12. As will be remembered the member III is provided with an integral cam portion IIS and an integral stop disc H6. The stop disc H6 is provided on its periphery with two diametrically .opposed teeth since two complete operations are performed for each complete revolution of the member Ill.

As indicated in Fig. 12 there is associated with the stop disc'lli an escapement member I3I which is pivotally secured to the bracket I12 mounted on the base portion I. The stop dis'c normally tends to rotate in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 12 and the escapement member I3I is normally held in engagement with the lower tooth I 13 of the stop disc by the action of spring I10, one end of which is secured to the escapement member I3I and the other end being attached to the extension I15 of the bracket I12. Integral with the escapement member I3I is an armature portion I16, associated with which is the electromagnet I11 also suitably mounted on the bracket I12. When magnet I11 is energized, armature I16 is attracted thereto, causing the escapement member I3I to rotate slightly in a counterclockwise direction to effect the disengagement of the lower arm" of the escapement member from the tooth I13 of the stop disc II6 whereupon the stop disc and cam I I5 is permitted to rotate as indicated by the arrow until tooth I13 is intercepted by the upper arm of the escapement member. When magnet I11 is deenergized, the escapement member returns again to its clockwise position under the action of spring I10 to release the upper arm from the tooth I13 and to introduce the lower arm into the path of the companion tooth I10 on the disc member. The electromagnet I 11 is caused to be energized by the closing of a contact I18 (Fig. 16) controlled by each one of the key levers 2.

Thus, the initiation of the rotation of member I II is controlled by each one of the keys, and the amount of rotation of the member (namely, onehalf revolution for each operation) is controlled by the escapement mechanism just described. However, a means is provided to interrupt the circuit for the escapement magnet I11 during certain operations-for example, functions, which in the present application pertain to those operations other than counting-in which event the counting operation is not required. The key levers that control the functions operate an additional pair of selector bars I19 (Fig. 2) which control the horizontal bar I8I. The right end of bar Ill is laterally disposed to cooperate with a normally closed contact I82 appropriately mount ed in the base. 80, whena function key is depressed the contact I18 (which is invariably operated) is closed, but the contact I02 is opened substantially simultaneously or slightly previous, so that the escapement mechanism is rendered inoperative, while the remaining operations controlled by the operated function key proceed uninterruptedly.

Positive contact control To insure the energization of the various operating magnets notwithstanding the speed of operation of the keys by the operatona positive latch control has been provided for the main operating 1y explained.

reference to Fig. 6 a lever I83 associated with a selector bar I is shown mounted on the pivot shaft 4|. The lower extremity of this lever is pivotally articulated to a horizontal bar I84 similar to bars 35 shown in connection with levers 5 31 in Fig. 3. The upper extremity of lever I83 is provided with a lateral portion I and an angular portion I86. A contact screw I81 is adjustably carried on the angular portion I88 to co-act with the spring contact I18 suitably carried on the frame 83. Lever I83 normally tends to rotate in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 6 under the action of spring I88 and is held thereby against a stop I mounted on the selector bar frame; thus, contact I18 is normally open. A latch member I89 is provided to cooperate with the lateral portion I85 of the lever I83. This latch member is rotatably carried on the stud I 9I and tends to rotate in a clockwise direction due to the action'of a spring I92. Latch member I89 is also provided with a vertical arm to whichis pivotally articulated one end of link I 83, the other end of which is pivotally connected to the arm 18 of the armature lever 19.

Whenever a key lever is depressed the lever 5: I83 is caused to rotate in a counterclockwise direction against the action of spring I88 to effect the closing of contact I18. Lever I33 is maintained in its counterclockwise position and contact I18 is held closed by means of the engagement of latch I89 with lateral portion I35.= The reason for this detention is to insure the energization of the perforating magnet 08, the transfer magnet 92, and the escapement magnet I12 in case the key lever should be released too 3': quickly. It is obvious, therefore, that the duration of energization of these magnets is independent of the operation of the key lever. When the transfer magnet is energized, however, the consequent attraction of armature lever 18 will cause the link I93 to be actuated toward the left as viewed in Fig. 6, which movement will be imparted to the latch member I89 rotating it in a counterclockwise direction to eflect the release of the latch-arm thereof from the lateral portion I85, thus releasing lever I83 which will thereupon be urged to its normal clockwise position by the spring I88. 4 I

Indicating mechanism amount of expansion provided by the spacebands.

This indicator does not totalize or sum up the 55'- actual dimensions of the matrices but rather it counts proportions, and thus a single dial can be usedfor any size of type provided the characters have the same unit groupings, as will be present-' 00 The indicating mechanism is illustrated in Figs.

1'1 to 23. In Fig. 17 the pinion I32 hereinbefore alluded to is shown in mesh with gear 2 which is provided with a hub 202. The rotation of pinion I32 is variably controlled by the counting 05 mechanism and the rotation thereof in varying amounts is transmitted through gear "I to an index hand or pointer 203. The gear 2" is rotatably mounted on a stud shaft 204 fixedly mounted on a bracket 205. Stud shaft 200 carries axially m therethrough a rod 206, the left extremity of which (as viewed in Fig. 17) is provided with an integral flange 201, and the opposite end is pro vided with a threaded portion. The stud shaft 200 is flanged at its outer end to form a suitable 75' journal for the gear 2M, and is securely attached to the bracket 205 by means of a nut 208 and a lock nut 209. A friction disc 2 is carried at the end of rod 208 adjacent to the flange 201, g which disc is provided with a slot 2 l2 (more clearly shown in Fig. 18) adapted to receive a pair of diametrically opposed ears M8 and 2M integral with the hub 202. The disc 2i l is thus rotatable with the gear 20!. Interposed between the disc.

go A magnet 218 suitably mounted on the bracket 205 is provided with an armature lever 2H1 pivoted at 22! to magnet mounting 222. The armature 2I-8 carries at one end an adjusting screw 228 which is arranged substantially in 88 axial coincidence with the rod 206. The screw 228 is normally held'in abutting relation with the rod 208 by means. of a spring 224 secured to an extension 225 of the armature, the other end oi the spring being attached to a spring post 226. 80 The adjustment just described is provided so that when the electromagnet H8 is energized by establishing a circuit, as shown in Fig. 16, from positive battery over wires SIB and 329, through winding of magnet 2l8, through contact 285 88 (when closed), over wires 33!, 328, 325, and 823,

thence through contact 118 to ground, the attraction of the armature 2!!! caused thereby will effeet the movement of the rod 208 against the action of the spring 2l8 an amount suflicient to w insure the relaxation of the pressure between disc 2 and flange 215 to permit the pointer to return to its beginning-of-line position, as will presently more clearly appear.

Having further reference to Fig. 17 it is seen 45' that bracket 205 is provided with a vertical portion 221 on which is adjustably supported a sectoral or fan-shaped indicator dial 228, more clearly shown in Figs. 20, 21 and 22. The dial 228 is pivotally held by a collar nut 229 about 50 which it is slightly rotatable, the amount of movement of which is limited by a slot and screw adjustment 23$ (Fig. 19). As indicated in Figs. 18 and 21, the pointer 203 is provided at its outer extremity with a reverted portion adapted to fit 55 over and move along the arcuate edge of the dial 228. The annular pivotal portion of the pointer 203 (as clearly shown in Fig. 18) is provided on a part of its peripheral edge with a series of proiections 232, adjacent ones of which are opposite- 80 ly deflected to form a pulley-like groove to receive the flexible cord 283, one end of which is attached to the pointer and the other end being secured to the extremity oia pointer return, lever 22% (Fig. 21). This lever 232 is pivotally mounted 25 on a bracket 235 integral with the base I and is provided with a short arm 236 to the extremity of which is attached one end of a pointer return spring 227, the other end oi which is secured to a spring support 238.

70 It is obvious, therefore, that when the magnet 218 is energized to efiect the removal of the pressure of spring 2H8 from disc 21 i, the pointer 208 will be free to rotate in a clockwise sense (as viewed in Figs. 18 and 21) due to the time of re- 75 turn spring 231 until it is arrested by an adjustable stop 230. The stop 238 in the present embodiment comprises a substantially Y-shaped portion, the ends of the arms 24! and 242 of which are provided with laterally disposed lugs 243 and 224, respectively. The stem portion 285 is provided near its extremity with a pair of laterally disposed portions 248 and 24'! adapted to iit snugly into an arcuate slot 240 in the dial 228. The stem portion is also provided intermediate the lugs 248 and 241 with a threaded hole to rem ceive a thumb screw 249, (Fig.- the shoulder of which is adapted to span the slot 248 so that the tightening of the screw 249 will eflect a clamping means for the stop member and permit its adiustability. 35 At the jerk of the Y-portion formed by the arms 2 and 242 there is pivoted a stop member 25I adapted to swing between the limiting lugs 243 and 2. Stop member 25I is provided with the integral stud 252 against which the pointer 20: w

is adapted to strike. The purpose of providing a stop such as just described is to permit 0! a wide range of adjustability with a minimum length of ;lot 208, thus preserving the rigidity of the dial In order that the counting maybe accurate and the number of different thicknesses of matrices may be a minimum, each em, the unit of type measure, is divided into eighteen equal sub-units;

eighteen having been foundiby experience to be a suitable number. Matrices of certain numbers of sub-units in thickness are not used; that is, no matrices as thin as one, two, three, four or five sub-units are used, and eleven different thicknesses have been found to be a practical number. as To compensate for the gap resulting from the omission or non-use or groups corresponding to widths of IS and I1 sub-units, fillers 230 (Fig. 14) are provided. A fixed stop member 240 is provided for the 18 sub-units group. Each tooth on go the unit wheel corresponds to one unit of these sub-units.

It is well known in the typographical art that the amount of possible justiflcation in any assembled line of matrices is determined by the number of spacebands contained in it. As previously mentioned, a spaceband comprises a matrix-shaped portion in which is slidably carried a wedge portion. The expansibility of the spaceband is de termined by the difierence between the thin end so and the thick end of the wedge portion. Thus in order that the spaceband may be efiective to Justify a line, the difference between the eggsate or totalized thicknesses of the matrices in the and the predetermined length of line must be equal to or less than (preferably the latter) the aforementioned diflerence in thickness, or expansibility oi the spaceband; so that, when the wedge portion is slidably moved along the matrixshaped portion, which is held in alinement with so the rest of the matrices in the line, it will tend to fill up", as it were, the space left between the last matrix and the limiting gauge representing the length of line. So, too, a similar result will be obtained when two or more spacebands have been included in the line; in which event the spacebands will be effective to justify the line when the diiierence between the totalized thicknesses oi the matrices and the length of line is less than the sum of the differences in thickness, or

expansibility of the spacebands.

In the manual operation of a composing machine, the keyboard operator may watch the assembly of, the matrices and spacebands in the assembling elevator, and thus personally determine i5 the Justifiability of the line. However, in the autic operation of a composing machine by means of perforated tape the justification must I be predetermined, and accordingly the present in- 5, vention has provided a device which will at .all

times indicate with exactitude the relation between the totalized thicknesses of the matrices in a line and the aggregate amount of expansion provided by the spacebands.

10; As shown in Fig.20, the dial 226 is provided adjacent its arcuate edge with a scale or series of graduations representing the number of ems in a line of maximum length. As previously noted, the reverted end of the pointer 263 moves 1.}; along this edge of the dial from left to right, to-

ward-zero, in response to the totalization of the matrix thicknesses by the counting mechanism.

Thus, the distance from the pointer 263 to zero indicates the amount of space left in the line to 29; be filled with-matrices, when the line contains no spacebands. However, when spacebands are inserted in the line, the space remaining to be filled varies with the number of 'spacebands inserted. So, to indicate-the justifiability of the composed 23' -line a pair of pointers 253 and 254 are provided,

the distance between the pointers 253 and 254 indicating the amount of expansibility of the spacebands. Since the distance from zero on the scale to pointer 254 represents the sum of the thin edges of all the spacebands (whether one or more) in the line, and the distance from zero to pointer 253 represents the sum of the thickest ends of the spacebands, it is manifest that the distance between the pointers 253 and 254 represents the 35,; difi'erence between these sums, which is the amount of expansion, or expansibility, of -the spacebands contained in the line. Therefore the space left in the line'to be filled, when spacebands are inserted, isrepresented by the distance be- 40' tween the pointer .203 and any point betwun pointers 253 and 254. I I

To eilect the differential movement of pointers 253 and 254 toward the left (from the zero position) the mechanism indicated in Fig. 19 is pro- 45;. vided. Rotatably carried on a stud shaft 255,

which is mounted on the portion 221 of bracket 7 265 in axial coincidence with rod 266 (Fig. 23), are the pointers 253 and 254. As shown in Fig. 23, the pointers 253 and 254 are U-shaped at their ooifpivotal ends to provide a substantial bearing on shaft 255. Directing attention again to Fig. 19, pointers 253 and 254 are provided with segmental gear portions 256 and 251, which are adapted to mesh with segmental gears 253 and 256, respectively, pivoted on the stud 26i mounted in the bracket portion 221. is a ratchet segment 262. Gear 256 is provided with a slot and screw adjustment 263 and is constrained thereby to move with the gear 253. Gears 253 and 256 and ratchet 262 normally tend to rotate in a counterclockwise direction (as viewed in Fig. 19) due to the action of spring 254 distended between the gear 256 and the base I. The ratchet 262 cooperates with a pawl 265 piv- .1 otally attached to the space keylever 266 (Figs. I

1 and 17). Keylever 266 is pivotally articulated to the space bar 266, similar to that used on ordinary typewriters, as shown in Fig. 1. The depression of the space keylever 266 causes a cor 70. responding downward movement to pawl 235, which is yieldingly held into engagement with the ratchet 262 by a spring 261 secured to a suitable guide member 263. Each time the space keylever is operated or depressed the ratchet 262 is 75. actuated against the action of spring 264 a dis- Integral with the gear 253 tanee equal to one ratchet tooth, and a spending movement is imparted to pointers 263 and 254. The gearing 256 to 256, inclusive, (Pig, 19), is so chosen as to impart a difierential movement to pointers 253 and 254, such that each time the ratchet 262 is stepped one tooth, pointer 233 will be moved-a distance corresponding to the thin end of the spaceband and pointer 254 will be moved a distance corresponding to the thick end of the spaceband. Furthermore, the pitch of the 19;; teeth of ratchet 262 is chosen to suit the size of spaceband employed with the set size of the font of type used, and hence members 253, 256 and 262, being integral, may be rendered interchangeable.

A detent 266 pivoted at Hi to bracket 212, se- 1 cured to portion 221, cooperates with ratchet 262 and pawl 265 to prevent the ratchet from slipping back when-the pawl 235 is moved into engage-' ment with a succeeding tooth, thus maintaining 29;

' the pointers 253 and 254 in their newly selected position. Referring to Fig. 17, the end-of-line or elevator keylever 213 is connected by a link 214 .to the auxiliary lever 215 pivotally carried at 216 on bracket 205. Lever 215 is provided with a laterally disposed arm 211 at the extremity of which is pivotally carried the release rod 213,

the upper end of which is adapted to have shall and socket connection with arm 216 of the detent lever 266. When the keylever 213 is operated, the so;- effect of which, as will appear, is to restore the entire apparatus to its original or beginning-oiline position, downward movement is imparted to rod 213 to rotate lever 263 (Fig. 19) in a counterclockwise direction against the tension of spring; 231. Detent 266 thus is disengaged from the ratchet 262 and in turn co-acts with the emu-- sion 2320f pawl 265 to cause also the release or; disengagement of the pawl. While the pawl 235 and detent 266 are thus momentarily released, 40;. the ratchet 262 is free to rotate in a 001111661? clockwise direction due to the action of spring 234 to impart motion in the opposite direction to pointers 253 and 254 which are thus returned to their zero position against an adjustable stop as 263 mounted on bracket 212. Lever 215 is pro-, vided with an arm 234 which cooperates with a pair of contacts 235 in the circuit which controls magnet 2", which circuit has been previously described. An extension 233 is also provided on so the lever 215 to permit of the operation of a line counter 231, shown in Fig.-21. a

I Line counter Y It is desirable that the operator in the preparation of perforated tape for use in composing machines be apprised of the number of lines of type of printed matter he has prepared in the tape. This is important in order' that the reels of tape may be of the same size, and also to ap-,- prise the operator that enough perforated tape has been prepared to provide a suificient number of slugs or lines of type to fill the galley. It is especially imp rtant in magazine work where the illustration cuts into the printed matter in which 6&. event the operator is usually given written in-- structions as to how long to make each line in order to avoid the illustration.

In the present invention automatic means has been provided whereby the operator will -be informed at all times of the number of lines he has prepared. Thus, a link 233 pivotally mounted at the extremity of the extension arm 233 of lever 215 is adapted to operate a lever 236 'of the counting device 231, which may be one 0215 of the line.

- a aratus.

any of the well known standard makes. The

counting device 281 preferably is adapted to be.

mounted on a suitable bracket 29f adjacent to the indicating device. When the keylever 213 is operated, clockwise rotation is imparted to the lever 215 which through link 288 (Fig. 21) imparts clockwise rotation to the lever 209 fixed to the operating shaft of the counter 281 to operate the indicators therein in the usual manner. It is thus clear that every time an elevator or endof-line key is operated a record thereof is made in the counter 281. As is customary, the counter 28'! is provided with a lever 292, the function of which, when actuated, is to restore the indicators in the counter to their zero position.

Signal mechanism Since the amount of line to be filled with characters varies with the number of spacebands used in the line, and since the number of spacebands in the line governs the amount of justification required, it is apparent that as more spacebands are used in a line less characters can be placed in the same line so that it becomes necessary in -this event to apprise the operator sooner of the In other words, thelighting of a signal lamp 293 apprises the operator when the matrix pointer or index hand 203 is about to move over that portion of the scale indicated by the spaceband pointers 253 and 254 the range of justification Since this range varies with the number of bands in the line, the point at which the signal operates must also vary.

The mechanism for operating the signal lamp 293 is shown in Figs. 19, 22, and 23, and comprises a substantially 'U-shaped member 294 pivotally mounted on a boss 295 integral with the bracket portion 221. Member 294 is provided with a depending arm 296 which is adapted to operate a pair of contacts 291 in the signal lamp circuit. Pivotally mounted on member 294 is a swinging member298 at each end of which is carried cam follower rollers 3M and 302. Referring to Figs.

19 and 22 it is noted that pointer 253 is provided f with a cam portion 303 which co-acts with follower roller 302. It is also noted in Fig. 18 that the pointer or index hand 203 is provided with a cam portion 304 which cooperates with the cam follower roller 30 I. Thus, it is observed that the amount of rotation of member 295 is dependent upon the combined action of cam portions 303 and 304 upon the swinging member 298, the contours of the cams being cooperatively related.

Shift mechanism case characters. In Fig. 22 a target 305 is shown pivotally carried on a bracket 306 mounted on the base i. The target comprises essentially an arouate portion bearing two colors, preferably red and white, one color to indicate the shift and the other to indicate the unshift condition of the A cover .(not shown) is provided to cover the mechanism mounted on the base porton of the apparatus with the exception of the indicator dial 228, which is permitted to protrude through the cover to render the dial visible to the operator. An opening is provided in the cover adjacent to the target "305 so that only a portion thereof can be seen therethrough by the operator. The target is adapted to be swung into either of two positions bythe shift mechanism shown in Fig. 2.

Referring particularly to Fig. 22, there is shown pivotally connected to arm 301 of the target 305 a link 308, the other end of which is pivoted to the outer extremity of arm 309 which, as is shown in Fig. 2, is fixed to the rocker member l5. When 10 the rocker member is actuated into either its shift or unsliift position the target 305 will be correspondingly actuated. To move the rocker member l5. into the shift or rearward position,the keylever 8 is operated and is thus rotated about its pivot shaft 8 in a counterclockwise direction (as viewed in Fig. 2) to impart through link I8 and bracket 2| opposite rotation to the rocker member 15 and likewise to arm 303. This movement of arm 309 causes link 308 to move to the left, in Fig. 22, to impart in turn counterclockwise rotation to target 305, thus presenting the red portion (for example) of the target behind the aforementioned opening or aperture in the cover. The operator is thus apprised that the code bars l2 have been shifted to efiect the counting of upper case characters or matrix thicknesses.

Now, to move or return the rocker member I! to the unshift or frontward position the keylever 80 5 is actuated'and is thus rotated about its pivot shaft 1 in a counterclockwise direction (F18. 2) to impart through link l1 and bracket l9 counter rotation .to the rocker member 15 and also to arm 309. Due to this movement of arm 309, link 85 308 is caused to move to the right (Fig. 22) to impart clockwise rotation to target 305 to present the white portion thereof to the aperture or sight hole in the cover, thus indicating to the operator .that the apparatus is in condition to count or 40.

totalize the thicknesses of lower case characters.

the respective code bar is shifted to the alternate position. Thus, when the code bars l2 assume their forward or 'unshift position (as viewed in Fig. 2) the tooth on each code bar which corre-' sponds to the thickness of the lower-case character will be operative; and, when the code bars 5 l2 assume their rearward orshift position the companion teeth thereon will become: operative, which teeth correspondto the thicknesses 'of the upper case characters.

A detent member has been provided to maintain the shift mechanism including the target in either the shift or unshift position. Referring to Fig-22 this detent means comprises a member 3| l secured to the link 308 which member is provided with a V-shaped projection 3l2 which cooperates with a roller 3l3 carried on the end of a detent lever 314 pivotally carried on a suitable bracket 3l5 mounted on the base I. Lever 3 is provided with an arm 3l6 to the end of .which is attached one end of a spring 3, the other end of which is secured to a suitable spring post. As viewed in Fig. 22 the detent lever normally tends to rotate in a clockwise direction so that the roller 3l3 constantly exerts pressure against t detent member an thus holding the shift 7 device.

mechanism against accidental movement and rendering it movable only upon the operation of shift keylevers or 3.

Electrical circuit The electrical circuit to control the various functions of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 16, in which the various elements are located substantially as they would appear in a plan view of the The circuit for the motor 3 extends from positive battery over wire 3| 3, through the winding of motor M1 to. negative battery. The

'circuit for the transfer electromagnet 32 extends from positive battery over wires 3I3 and 324, through the winding of electromagnet 92 over wires 325 and 323, thence through the contact I13 to ground. The circuit for the escapement electromagnet I11 extends from positive battery over wires 3I3, 324 and 323, through the winding of the electromagnet I11, then over the wire 321 through the normally closed cgptact' llfl' over 'wires 323, 325 and 323, through contact I13 to ground. The circuit for the signal lamp 233 extends from positive battery through lamp 293 and contact 231 (when closed) to ground. Lastly, the circuit for the index hand release magnet 2I3 extends from positive battery over wires 3I3 and 323, through the winding of electromagnet 2"! through contact 235 (when closed), thence over wires 33I, 323,325 and 323, through contact I13 to ground.

The usefulness of the manually operated contact 322 will become apparent when it is understood that at times the operator finds it necessary to count out the remaining portion of the line he is composing to determine if the matter will fit therein. To do this he wishes to disable the perforator without affecting the counting mechanism. Therefore, when he desires to perform the operation of thus counting out the line he merely breaks or opens the contact 322 and proceeds as if to compose the line, and if he discovers that the line will properly justify, he closes the contact 322 'and repeats the latter operation, which at this time will aifect the 'perforator. This will, of course, also actuate the counting mechanismybut, since the possibility of justiflca- 4 tion of the'line is already determined, the duplicate operation of the counting mechanism is in this event merely incidental.

In the operation of the apparatus herein de- 'scribed there is a slight time interval provided between the closing of contacts I32 and 234 and the main operating. contact I13 so that the circults controlled by contacts I32 and 234 may be first prepared and thereafter established by the closing of contact I13. The main operating contact I13 is provided with a resistance 332 and a condenser 333 for spark protection. The contact I32, as previously described, is operated by the bar I3I in the selector mechanism also shown in Fig. 2. This bar I3I is actuated only upon the operation of a function key at which time the escapement mechanism, which initiates the operationof the'counting device, is disabled, due to the breaking of the circuit which energizes the escapement magnet I11. The contact 235 is operated by the lever arm 234. shown in Fig, 1'1 upon to urge member 333 in a counter clockwise directhe depression of the elevator or end-of-line key 213, in which event themagnet 2 I3 is energized to release the pressure applied to the index hand 203 by the spring 2I3, thus permitting the index hand to return to its initial or beginning-of-line a Backspacer It is at times desirable to reverse the direction of the tape in order to effect a correction thereof. This operation is performed manually and a novel device as shown in Fig. 13 has been provided for effecting this operation. The feed roll 33 and ratchet 53 as shown in Fig. 5 are mounted on the same shaft 34, which carries at its outer end a star 15 wheel 334 (Fig. 13) afflxed thereto. Cooperating with the star wheel 334 is a detent lever 335, one arm of which is provided at its extremity with a roller 333, the other arm having secured thereto a spring 331 which normally tends to rotate the M lever 335 in a clockwise direction. Loosely mount-' ed on the shaft 34 is a cam member 333 which is provided with the arm 333 adapted to fit into a notch in a member 3.

Member 3 is provided with slots and is adapted to be slidably mounted on a pair of screws 342 and is normally held in its upward position by meansof the spring 343, which being attached to the depending arm 344 of cam member 333 tends position.

tTon to impart, through arm 333, upward movement to membe'rf34l. Member I is also provided with a thumb portion 345, which when depressed causes the cam portion 333 to rotate in a clockwise direction thus camming out the pin 5 343 integral with the pawl member 33, shown in Fig. 5. A forwardly presented depending portion 341 is also provided on member 34 I, on which is pivotally carried a pawl 343 adapted to coact with the star wheel 334 to effect the step-bystep rotation, thereof each time member 3" is depressed. Pawl 343 is spring held against a stop 343 by spring "I, such that when member 3 returns to its upward position after being once depressed, the pawl 343 will yield so that the star 35 wheel 334 will remain in its thus stepped position. Thus, simultaneously with the cammingout action of cam 333 upon pin 3434.0 eflect the disengagement of pawl 53 from ratchet 53, the edge of member 343 co-acts with one of the points of the star wheel to rotate'the star wheel in a clockwise direction. Each time the member 3 is thus depressed the feed shaft 34 is adapted to rotate one step in the reverse or clockwise direction to eifect the reverse movement or back-spac- 66 ing, so called, of the tape.

Modification stop bar arrangement in which stop bars 332, analogous to stop bars 33, form a part of hell crank levers 353 which are operated directly by the keylevers instead of through a transfer mechanism. As shown in Fig. 7 the bell crank levers 05 are carried on a pivot shaft 354 suitably mounted in brackets 355. To the depending arm of each bell crank there is=secured one end of an individual spring 353,- the other end of which (not shown) is attached to the frame. The bell crank 70 353 thus normally tends to rotate in a clockwise direction due to the action of spring 353. Thus, when a keylever is depressed, one of the bell crank levers 353 is caused to rotate in a counterclockwisedirection against the action of spring 353 to i I i i i bring the right end of the horizontal arm 352 into the path of the stop lug I36 on the unit rack 83. The bell crank levers are held against displacement by spring actuated detent member 351 which is a substantially U-shaped lever pivotally mounted on a pair of pivots 358. This member 351 is also provided with a shaft 358 on which are mounted anti-friction rollers 36I individual to and adapted to cooperate with a laterally dis- 1i) posed arm 362 integral with each bell crank 353. The detent member 351 is normally biased against the arms 362 by its spring the tension of which is such as to overcome the tension of an individual spring 356. Thus, when a stop bar-is selected it will be held in the selected position by, the detent 351 until some other stop bar is selected.

scribed, a better understanding of the general operation thereof may now be obtained from a description of particular key selections and the va rious operations incident thereto.

'? Referring to Fig. 1, the key tops 3 are provided with indicia (not shown) analogous to the well known typewriter keyboards, wherein two sets of designations are provided, one for the lower case and the-other for the upper case. Assuming that the code bars I2 (Fig. 2) are in their forward or lower case position, and that a character keylever 2 has been operated, a permuted combination of bars 25 and 26 in selector mechanism 23,

' and one of the bars 43 in selector 24 will be simul- 85 taneously depressed. The selection of bars 25 and 26 will "effect through rocking members 21 and horizontal bars the selection of levers 31 and punch interference bars 42 in correspondingpermuted combinations.

(.0 At the same time, one of the projections 55 of the selected code-bar I2 will cause the depression of that bar 43 in selector mechanism 24 which represents the thickness of the matrix corresponding not only to the key operated, but also to the shift condition of the code bars I2; that is,

. each keyrepresents two characters (except function keys), one in the lower case and one in the upper case, which characters may possibly be of different thicknesses and thus require a differ- 60 em counter bar 43 to be selected so as to operate the counting mechanism differently. The depression of bar will effect through levers 44 and 45 and horizontal bar 48 the oscillation of associated Y-lever 52. Simultaneously, with the depression of selected bars 25, 26 and 43 will ocour the depression of universal bar I88 (Fig. 2), which near the completion of the key stroke effects the closing of the main operating contact I18 (Fig. 6). The time of closure of contact I18 is so regulated by the adjusting screw I81 as to insure the prior selection of levers 31 and 52 and punch interference bars 42.

V The closing of contact I18, as noted in Fig. 16, effects substantially simultaneously the energization of perforator magnet 56, transfer magnet 82 and escapement magnet I11. (Of course, it is understood that the closing of the manually operated contact 322 is a condition precedent to the operation of the apparatus). The energization of electromagnet 56 effects the perforation and feeding of the tape, by rocking armature 51 clockwise, forcing the interference bars 42 upward against the punches 65 to perforate the tape BI. Simultaneously .with the perforating operation, pawl 58 will move up to engage the nest tooth on ratchet 58. When the magnet is deenergized spring 62 draws the pawl down, rotating the ratchet 58 and feed roller 63 (both of which are. afllxed to the same shaft 64) one step in a well known manner, thus feeding the tape to position 5 it for the next perforating operation. Thus, the tape is perforated in accordance with the op eration of the keylever 2. The energization of electromagnet 82 effects the transfer of the selection of Y-lever 52 to the stop bars 88 in the fol lowing manner. The operation of electromagnet 82 causes, by its attraction, the clockwise rotation of armature lever 18 (Fig. 5) to in turn impart opposite-rotation to transfer ball 15. Since the selected Y-lever 52 has been oscillated to the left, 15'

its arm 61 is disposed below arm H of the transfer lever 13. Thus, the operation of bail 15 causes arm H to engage arm 61 and consequently lever 13 is rotated about the end of arm H as a fulcrum to effect the movement of the associated 20 stop bar 88 toward the right into the, path of lug I36 on the unit rack 83.

The energization and subsequent deenergization of escapement magnet I11 permits the member H4 by virtue of stop disc H5 and pawl I3I 25 to revolve 180, thus imparting to cam II5 like rotation. Upon the initiation of the rotation of cam H5 the follower roller I6I is acted upon by the cam H5 so as to impart clockwise rotation to the operating lever I56, arm I55 of which will 30 thus be raised and in so doing lever I53 is caused .to rotate about its pivotal connection with link I52, thus elevating the pivot I54 between the lever I53 and the-unit rack slide 85. In this manner slide 86 is elevated soas to bring the unit 35" rack 83 into engagement with the unit wheel 38.

The continued rotation of the operating lever I56 in a clockwise direction causes the lever I53 to rotate about its pivot I54 as a fulcrum whereby the link- I52 is given a downward movement 40 to impart clockwise rotation to pawl member I33 about its pivot I38 against the action of spring I44. The lateral portion I58 of pawl member I33 is thereuponmoved beneath the end of the unit rack slide to insure during the ensuing opera- 45 tion' of the escapement means the engagement of pawl I33 with unit wheel 88 prior to the disengagement of rack 83 to prevent the uncontrolled escapement of unit wheel 88.

The unit wheel, which constantly tends to rotate by reason of being fixed to shaft I III, is thus released for rotation and the unit rack being free to move is carried toward the right until the lug I35 is intercepted by. one of the stop bars". At

this point the cam portion I63 acts upon the 55 follower roller I82 so as to reverse suddenly the direction of rotation of the operating lever I55. The unit rack slide 86 cannot at this time be lowered because of the engagement oi its forward extremity with the lateral portion I58 ofpawl-fi member I33. Lever I53, therefore, is causedto rotate in a counterclockwise direction about the pivot I54, thus causing the link I52 to be elevated which in turn permits pawl member I33 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction, due to the action of its spring I44, into engagement with the unit wheel 88, causing simultaneously the withdrawal 0: lateral portion I 58 from engagement with slide 7 8 The continued rotation of the operating lever I56 in a counterclockwise direction now causes the lever I53 to rotate about its pivotal connec-. tion to link I52 in a like direction to withdraw the rack 83 from engagement with the unit wheel as. The unit rack as is thereupon 75 placed under the influence of the spring actuated return lever I21 and is carried toward the left thereby to its stop I". This rotation of unit wheel 98 is imparted through shaft IOI, pinion I32 and gear to matrix pointer 203. As succeeding character keys are depressed the index hand or matrix pointer will be advanced along the dial in amounts varying with the thickness of the matrices corresponding'to the key depressed.

Now, if it is desired to perforate and count an upper case character it is first necessary to depress the shift keylever 8, in which event the mem-- ber l5 (Fig. 2) will be rocked rearwardly' and the code bars i2 will assume their rearward position. Since the shift operation is what is termed a function, no counting operation is necessary because there is no matrix corresponding thereto. Therefore, since the perforating operation proceeds as usual, it becomes necessary to disable the counting mechanism.

To do this, an additional pair of permutationbars H9 is provided which are operable only by function keylevers, which are those keylevers that initiate the operationsother than counting,

in which case the counting operation is not required. Thus, when a function keylever (as in the present instance, the shift keylever 6) is operated, it eflects through its associated horizontal .bar Ill (analogous to bars 35 and 49), Figs. 2

and 16, the opening of the normally closed contact I22. Consequently, the closing of the main operating contact I18 (which is operated invariably) will, in this event, establish the circuits for the perforating magnet and transfer magnet only.

The energization of the perforating magnet effects the perforating operation to thereby punch and feed or step the tape in the regular manner.

It will be recalled that the purpose of always operating the transfer magnet simultaneously with the perforating magnet is to effect the unlatching of the operating contact I18, Fig. 6.

Thus, the depression of character keys follow ing the operation of the shift key will affect the various devices in a manner similar to their operation prior-thereto, except that the counting and indicating mechanism will be operated to different extents or amounts for the same keylever.

When the space key 2" is depressed the space keylever 286 is actuated and a permuted combination of bars and 26 are operated to set the punch interference bars 42 correspondingly. Since the space operation is a function, no code bar I! is necessary as the counting mechanism is not actuated. However, as the effect of the perforationin the tape, corresponding to the space function, on" the line casting machine is to release a spaceband for insertion into the composed line of matrices, evidence of this fact must be made on theindicator of, the keyboard device.

Eor this purpose the pair of pointers 258 and 2" are employed, whichare moved differentially, through the instrumentality of ratchet 262 and differential gears 25 and 259, according to the number of spacebands used in the line and according to the aggregate amount of expansibility of the spacebands. It has also been noted how the pair of pointers 253 and 25! cooperate with the pointer 203 to apprise the operator by means of the signal lamp 292 of the approach of a justifiable line.

Now, upon the arrival of a justifiable line it is necessary to restore the entire, apparatus to its original. or beginning-of-line position.- To accomplish this the elevator or end-of-line key in depressed which, as already seen actuates keylever 213 (Fig. 1'1) to effect through lever 21! the closing of contact 285, and operation of rod 218. The closing of contact 285 permits the electromagnet M8 to become energized, the effect of which is to relieve the pressure onthe index hand or pointer 203 to permit its return to its initial position. The operation-of rod 21! effects the release of pawls 269 and 265 from ratchet 262 to permit 10: the return of the pointers 2" and 254 to their original position.

Since the elevator key is also a function key, no code bar I2 is associated therewith and hence the counting mechanism is not affected thereby. 15, However, a perforation is made in the tape, the effect of which upon the line casting machine is to initiate the operation of the elevator mechanism, thus causing the loaded assembly elevator to be raised to the line delivery position, where- 20 upon the composed line of matrices and spacebandsis delivered to the casting position, in a manner well known in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Although the present invention has been (115- 25, closed in connection with line casting machines, it is, of course, understood that the invention is capable of embodiment in many and widely varied forms other than that specifically disclosed without departure from the spirit and scope of 'the 30,. invention as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a keyboard perforator, a counting device,

a scale, an index hand and spring return means therefor, a series of keys, mechanism including friction means to move said index hand with respect to-said scale in accordance with the operation of said counting device as determined by the key operated, and electromagnetically operated means invariably controlled by one of said keys to v render said friction means ineffective to move said index hand to enable said return means to restore said index hand to its initial position.

2. In a keyboard device, a plurality of keys, a shaft, a scale, an indicator, motive means con- 45 stantly tending to govern the incrementally progressive movement of said shaft, means invariably controlled by said keys to release said shaftfor rotation, means to transfer the movement of said shaft to said indicator, a special key, and electromagnetic means controlled by said special key to render said last mentioned means ineffective to move said indicator.

3. In a keyboard device, a plurality of keys, a counting device comprising a single unit wheel, means to rotate said unit wheel variable amounts according to the keys depressed, an indicator dial, an index hand, said index hand operable variably to correspond with the operation of the unit wheel, a special key, a pair of pointers, and means controlled by said special key to move said pointare proportionally each time said special, key is depressed, and the relative actuation of said index hand and-said pointers indicating at all times the justifiability of the line being composed. 4. In a keyboard perforator, a perforating de- M vice, a counting device, selector mechanisms individual to each of said devices and arranged in the same plane, a series of keylevers, a corresponding series of code bars juxtapositioned to said keylevers, and means to move said code bars in unison to either of two positions so that said perforating device is operated invariably in the same manner and said counting device can be operated in either of two different manners each n time a keylever is depressed.

comprising a single unit wheel, a pawl member, a

rack member, cam operated means to render said members alternately engageable with said unit -wheel, means associated with said pawl member to maintain the engagement of said rack with said unit wheel, and auxiliary cam means to effect a suddenreversal of action of said cam operated means to insure through the cooperation of said second recited means the engagement of said pawl and said unit wheel prior to the disengagement of said rack from said unit wheel.

6. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable for the production of perforated tape representing lines of composition, a scale, .a pointer movable variably with respect to said scale to indicate the cumulative widths of characters, an additional pair of pointers, and differential gearing for rotating said pair of pointers different distances for each effectiveness thereof for indicating a different condition.

' 7. In a keyboardperforator, a perforating device, a counting device, selector mechanisms individual to each of said devices and arranged in the same plane, a series of key levers, a corresponding series of code bars juxtapositioned to said key levers, a pair of special keys, means controlled by the alternate operation of said special keys to move said code bars simultaneously to either of two positions whereby said perforating device is operated invariably in the same manner and said counting device can be operated in either of two different manners each time a key lever is depressed.

8. In a keyboard perforator, a perforating device, a counting device, selector mechanisms individual to each of said devices, a series of key levers, a corresponding series of code bars individual to said key levers, a'rockable member, each of said code bars having a pivotal connection with said rcckable member and a slidable connection with its associated key lever, a pair of special keys, the alternate operation of said special keys being effective to actuate said rcckable member to move said code bars simultaneously on their slidable connections to either of two positions whereby said perforating device is operated invariably in one way and said counting device is operated in either of two different ways each time a key lever is depressed.

9. In a keyboard apparatus, a counting device, a perforating device, a plurality of auxiliary devices, selector mechanisms for controlling said devices variably, and a common bar associated with said selector mechanisms adapted to be invariably operated to initiate simultaneously selected ones of said devices to be operated.

10. In a keyboard perforator, a single shaft, a counting device including a single unit wheel secured to said shaft. motive means carried on said shaft, frictional connection between said means and said shaft whereby said means tends to im-- part a constant torque to said shaft, a first escapement means to control through said unit wheel the amount of rotation of said shaft, and a second escapement means to control the cyclic operation of said first escapement means. I

11. In a keyboard apparatus, a series of keys, a single shaft, a counting device, ai constantly movable element mounted on said shaft, an intermittently movable member frictionally mounted on said element, frictional connection between said shaft and said element, uniformly stepped escapement means for said member, variably stepped escapement means for said counting device, and means controlled by said keys to actuate said first mentioned escapement means step by step to'efiect the operation of said last mentioned escapement means variably according to the key depressed to operate said counting device corg respondingly.

12. In a keyboard perforator, an indicating device including a scale, an index hand, a counting device including a unit wheel, a detent member,

a rack member, means to render said members 10 alternately engageable with said unit wheel, a series of stop bars adapted to cooperate with said members to control the escapement of said unit wheel in varying amounts to actuate correspondingly said index hand with respect to said 16 scale, and electromagnetic means to render said counting device ineffective to actuate said index hand to control the return of said index hand to its normal position.

13. In a keyboard perforator, a coimting deso vice including a unit wheel constantly tending to rotate, an indicating device including a scale, an index hand, mechanical interconnection between said devices, a detent member, a rack member, means to render said members alternately engageable with said unit wheel, a series of stop bars adapted to cooperate with said members to control the escapement of said unit wheel in varying amounts to actuate correspondingly said index hand with respect to said scale, and electromagnetic means to disable said interconnection to control the return of said index hand'to its normal position.

14. In a keyboard perforator, a counting device, an indicating device, mechanical interc'onnection between said devices including a single shaft, motive means mounted on said shaft, frictional interconnection between said means and. said shaft whereby a constant torque is imparted to said shaft by said means, selector mechanism 40 individual to said counting device, escapement means cooperative with said motive means and said mechanism to effect the selective operation of said counting device to actuate said indicatin device correspondingly, and means to disable said interconnection.

15. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable for the production of perforated tape representative of consecutive characters and word spacers, a series of keys, a scale, a pointer movable variably with respect to said scale in response to the operation of said keys to indicate the cumulative widths of characters, an additional pair of pointers, means for operating said pair of pointers differentially to indicate the cumulative expansibility of the word spacers, a special key, said key when operated adapted to effect a relative change in said pair of pointers to correspond to the increment of expansibility provided by a spacer.

-16. In a keyboard apparatus. a counting device comprising a single unit wheel constantly tending to rotate, a pawl member, a rack, a rack carrier, a biasing member for said rack, a series of selectable elements,a first pivot, a second pivot, 66 a lever including said pivots, cam operated means to actuate said lever about said first pivot to effect the engagement of said rack and said unit wheel thereupon to actuate said lever about said second pivot to effect the disengagement of said pawl 70 member from said unit wheel, means associated with said pawl member to maintain through the instrumentality of said rack carrier the engagement of said rack andgsaid unitwheel whereby said unit wheel is permitted to rotate an amount 

